Artificial life

Artificial life (commonly Alife or alife) is the creation of lifelike models and processes through simulations using computer models, robotics, and biochemistry. The discipline was named by Christopher Langton in 1986.

There are three main kinds of alife, named for their approaches:

soft, from software;

hard, from hardware;

and wet, from biochemistry.

Artificial life imitates traditional biology by trying to recreate biological phenomena. The term "artificial life" is often used to specifically refer to soft alife.

Artificial life studies the logic of living systems in artificial environments. The goal is to study the phenomena of living systems in order to come to an understanding of the complex information processing that defines such systems.

Artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI) is the intelligence of machines and the branch of computer science that aims to create it. It is the study and design of intelligent agents, where an intelligent agent is a system that perceives its environment and takes actions that maximize its chances of success. John McCarthy, who coined the term in 1956, defines it as "the science and engineering of making intelligent machines."

The field was founded on the claim that human intelligencecan be simulated by a machine. Today, has become an essential part of the technology industry, providing the heavy lifting for many of the most difficult problems in computer science.

The central problems of AI include such traits as reasoning, knowledge, planning, learning, communication, perception and the ability to move and manipulate objects.