WHAT IS THE CIRCLE OF CONFUSION?
When the focus point and the focal plane do not meet, a point source of light (a round light source) appears slightly bigger and no longer appears to be in sharp focus. However, there is a certain range of tolerance in front of and behind a subject before it starts to appear out of focus to the human eye; that range is what is known as circle of confusion. In the below representative diagram the range is highlighted by the purple rectangle.
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